7)- مصاديق تقارب متتالية : Critères de converge d’une suite numérique
خاصية
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ و ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BE@ و ( w n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG3bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BF@ متتاليات عددية و l∈ℝ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadYgacqGHii IZcqWIDesOaaa@39EB@ .
Ø إذا كان v n ≤ u n ≤ w n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamODamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgsMiJkaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqa baGccqGHKjYOcaWG3bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaaa@3FDD@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ ، ( n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBamaaBa aaleaacaaIWaaabeaaaaa@37EA@ عدد صحيح طبيعي معلوم ) و lim x→+∞ v n = lim x→+∞ w n =l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9maaxababa GaciiBaiaacMgacaGGTbaaleaacaWG4bGaeyOKH4Qaey4kaSIaeyOh IukabeaakiaadEhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpcaWGSb aaaa@4DF7@
فإن المتتالية ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ متقاربة و لدين: lim x→+∞ u n =l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadYgaaa a@427B@ .
Ø إذا كان | v n −l |≤α u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaqWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOeI0IaamiBaaGaay5bSlaa wIa7aiabgsMiJkabeg7aHjaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaaaa@42A2@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ ، ( n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBamaaBa aaleaacaaIWaaabeaaaaa@37EA@ عدد صحيح طبيعي معلوم ) و lim x→+∞ u n =0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaaicdaaa a@4244@ فإن،
المتتالية ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BE@ متقاربة و لدينا: lim x→+∞ v n =l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadYgaaa a@427C@ ،حيث α>0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeqySdeMaey Opa4JaaGimaaaa@3972@ .
مثال
لتكن ( u n ) n≥1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaSbaaSqa aiaad6gacqGHLjYScaaIXaaabeaaaaa@3D5C@ المتتالية العددية المعرفة بما يلي: ∀n∈ ℕ ∗ , u n =1− sinn n 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaOGaaiilaiaa dwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpcaaIXaGaeyOeI0YaaS aaaeaaciGGZbGaaiyAaiaac6gacaWGUbaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqa baGaaGOmaaaaaaaaaa@4722@ .
لدينا: −1≤−sinn≤1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyOeI0IaaG ymaiabgsMiJkabgkHiTiGacohacaGGPbGaaiOBaiaad6gacqGHKjYO caaIXaaaaa@4096@ و منه : 1− 1 n 2 ≤ u n ≤1+ 1 n 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaaGymaiabgk HiTmaalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaaa aOGaeyizImQaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgsMiJkaaig dacqGHRaWkdaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaI Yaaaaaaaaaa@443B@ لكل n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaaaa@3704@ من ℕ ∗ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeSyfHu6aaW baaSqabeaacqGHxiIkaaaaaa@3899@ .
و بما أن lim x→+∞ ( 1− 1 n )= lim x→+∞ ( 1+ 1 n )=1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaaIXaGaeyOeI0YaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaam OBaaaaaiaawIcacaGLPaaacqGH9aqpdaWfqaqaaiGacYgacaGGPbGa aiyBaaWcbaGaamiEaiabgkziUkabgUcaRiabg6HiLcqabaGcdaqada qaaiaaigdacqGHRaWkdaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaWGUbaaaaGaayjk aiaawMcaaiabg2da9iaaigdaaaa@534B@ فإن ( u n ) n≥1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaSbaaSqa aiaad6gacqGHLjYScaaIXaaabeaaaaa@3D5C@ متقاربة و lim x→+∞ u n =1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaaigdaaa a@4245@ .
تمرين03
لتكن ( u n ) n≥1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaSbaaSqa aiaad6gacqGHLjYScaaIXaaabeaaaaa@3D5C@ المتتالية العددية المعرفة بما يلي: ∀n∈ ℕ ∗ , u n = ∑ k=1 k=n n n 2 +k MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaOGaaiilaiaa dwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpdaaeWbqaamaalaaaba GaamOBaaqaaiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaGccqGHRaWkcaWG RbaaaaWcbaGaam4Aaiabg2da9iaaigdaaeaacaWGRbGaeyypa0Jaam OBaaqdcqGHris5aaaa@4C59@
1)- بين أن ∀n∈ ℕ ∗ , n 2 n 2 +n ≤ u n ≤ n 2 n 2 +1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaOGaaiilamaa laaabaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaOqaaiaad6gadaahaa WcbeqaaiaaikdaaaGccqGHRaWkcaWGUbaaaiabgsMiJkaadwhadaWg aaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHKjYOdaWcaaqaaiaad6gadaahaaWcbe qaaiaaikdaaaaakeaacaWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaOGaey4k aSIaaGymaaaaaaa@4D51@ .
2)- استنتج أن المتتالية ( u n ) n≥1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaSbaaSqa aiaad6gacqGHLjYScaaIXaaabeaaaaa@3D5C@ متقاربة ، و أن lim x→+∞ u n =1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaaigdaaa a@4245@ .
8)- تقارب المتتالية ( a n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaaeeG+aaaaaai 1B1Dwza8qadaqadaqaaiaadggadaahaaWcbeqaaiaad6gaaaaakiaa wIcacaGLPaaaaaa@3CBB@
Ø إذا كان a>1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyyaiabg6 da+iaaigdaaaa@38BA@ فإن lim n→+∞ a n =+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabg2da9iabgUcaRi abg6HiLcaa@43C0@ .
Ø إذا كان a=1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyyaiabg2 da9iaaigdaaaa@38B8@ فإن lim n→+∞ a n =1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabg2da9iaaigdaaa a@4228@ .
Ø إذا كان −1<a<1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyOeI0IaaG ymaiabgYda8iaadggacqGH8aapcaaIXaaaaa@3B62@ فإن lim n→+∞ a n =0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabg2da9iaaicdaaa a@4227@ .
Ø إذا كان a≤−1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyyaiabgs MiJkabgkHiTiaaigdaaaa@3A54@ فإن ( a n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WGHbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGUbaaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39AA@ لا تقبل نهاية.
برهان
Ø إذا كان a>1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyyaiabg6 da+iaaigdaaaa@38BA@ فإن lim x→+∞ a n =+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabg2da9iabgUcaRi abg6HiLcaa@43CA@ .
a>1⇒∃α>0/a=1+α MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyyaiabg6 da+iaaigdacqGHshI3cqGHdicjcqaHXoqycqGH+aGpcaaIWaGaai4l aiaadggacqGH9aqpcaaIXaGaey4kaSIaeqySdegaaa@4528@ و منه a n >1+nα MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyyamaaCa aaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabg6da+iaaigdacqGHRaWkcaWGUbGaeqyS degaaa@3D58@ و منه lim n→+∞ a n =+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabg2da9iabgUcaRi abg6HiLcaa@43C0@ لأن lim n→+∞ nα=+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamOBaiabeg7aHjabg2da9iabgUcaRiabg6HiLcaa@4442@
Ø إذا كان a=1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyyaiabg2 da9iaaigdaaaa@38B8@ فإن ∀n∈ℕ, a n =1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLkaacYcacaWGHbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGUbaa aOGaeyypa0JaaGymaaaa@3F45@ . و منه lim n→+∞ a n =1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabg2da9iaaigdaaa a@4228@
· a=0⇒ lim n→+∞ a n =0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadggacqGH9a qpcaaIWaGaeyO0H49aaCbeaeaaciGGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaa d6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisPaeqaaOGaamyyamaaCaaaleqaba GaamOBaaaakiabg2da9iaaicdaaaa@471F@
· ⇒0<| a |<1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgkDiElaaic dacqGH8aapdaabdaqaaiaadggaaiaawEa7caGLiWoacqGH8aapcaaI Xaaaaa@3FE8@ a≠0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadggacqGHGj sUcaaIWaaaaa@396D@ و −1<a<1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyOeI0IaaG ymaiabgYda8iaadggacqGH8aapcaaIXaaaaa@3B62@
⇒ lim n→+∞ ( 1 | a | n )=+∞⇒ lim n→+∞ a n =0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyO0H49aaC beaeaaciGGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWk cqGHEisPaeqaaOWaaeWaaeaadaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaadaabdaqaai aadggaaiaawEa7caGLiWoadaahaaWcbeqaaiaad6gaaaaaaaGccaGL OaGaayzkaaGaeyypa0Jaey4kaSIaeyOhIuQaeyO0H49aaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyyamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabg2da9iaaicdaaa a@5A06@ ⇒ 1 | a | >1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgkDiEpaala aabaGaaGymaaqaamaaemaabaGaamyyaaGaay5bSlaawIa7aaaacqGH +aGpcaaIXaaaaa@3EF9@
Ø إذا كان a≤−1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyyaiabgs MiJkabgkHiTiaaigdaaaa@3A54@ فإن ( a n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WGHbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGUbaaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39AA@ لا تقبل نهاية ( lim n→+∞ u 2n ≠ lim n→+∞ u 2n+1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHGjsUda WfqaqaaiGacYgacaGGPbGaaiyBaaWcbaGaamOBaiabgkziUkabgUca Riabg6HiLcqabaGccaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdacaWGUbGaey4kaS IaaGymaaqabaaaaa@4FB5@
أمثلة
أحسب النهايات التالية:
lim x→+∞ ( 1− 2 ) n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaaIXaGaeyOeI0YaaOaaaeaacaaIYaaaleqaaa GccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGUbaaaaaa@4393@ و lim x→+∞ ( 2 n − 3 n 2 n + 3 n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaadaWcaaqaaiaaikdadaahaaWcbeqaaiaad6gaaa GccqGHsislcaaIZaWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGUbaaaaGcbaGaaGOmamaa CaaaleqabaGaamOBaaaakiabgUcaRiaaiodadaahaaWcbeqaaiaad6 gaaaaaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@4963@ و lim x→+∞ ( 1+2+ 2 2 +...+ 2 n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaaIXaGaey4kaSIaaGOmaiabgUcaRiaaikdada ahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaGccqGHRaWkcaGGUaGaaiOlaiaac6cacqGH RaWkcaaIYaWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGUbaaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@4A94@
III)- متتاليات من نوع v n =f( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaaeeaaaaaa6di eB1vgapeGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadAga daqadaqaaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaakiaawIcacaGLPa aaaaa@4069@ و u n+1 =f( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaaeeaaaaaa6di eB1vgapeGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbGaey4kaSIaaGymaaqabaGc cqGH9aqpcaWGMbWaaeWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaa GccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@4205@
1)-متتالية من نوع v n =f( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaaeeG+aaaaaai vzKbWdbiaadAhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpcaWGMbWa aeWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaa aaaa@3FFC@
إذا كانت المتتالية ( u n ) n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaSbaaSqa aiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGUbWaaSbaaWqaaiaaicdaaeqaaaWcbeaaaa a@3E87@ متقاربة نهايتها l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaaaa@3702@ ، و f MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOzaaaa@36FC@ دالة متصلة في l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaaaa@3702@ فإن المتتالية ( v n ) n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaSbaaSqa aiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGUbWaaSbaaWqaaiaaicdaaeqaaaWcbeaaaa a@3E88@
المعرفة بما يلي: v n =f( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamODamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadAgadaqadaqaaiaadwhadaWg aaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaakiaawIcacaGLPaaaaaa@3DD2@ حيث n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ متقاربة و نهايتها هي f( l ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOzamaabm aabaGaamiBaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@3976@ .
· لنحدد نهاية المتتالية ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ المعرفة بما يلي: ∀n∈ℕ, u n =sin( π n 2 1+6 n 2 ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLkaacYcacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqa aOGaeyypa0Jaci4CaiaacMgacaGGUbWaaeWaaeaadaWcaaqaaiabec 8aWjaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaaakeaacaaIXaGaey4kaSIa aGOnaiaad6gadaahaaWcbeqaaiaaikdaaaaaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaa aaaa@4AF4@ .
لدينا : lim x→+∞ π n 2 1+6 n 2 = π 6 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaSaaaeaacqaHapaCcaWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaa GcbaGaaGymaiabgUcaRiaaiAdacaWGUbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaa aaaakiabg2da9maalaaabaGaeqiWdahabaGaaGOnaaaaaaa@49EA@ و بما أن الدالة x↦sinx MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiEaiablA AiHjGacohacaGGPbGaaiOBaiaadIhaaaa@3C9C@ متصلة في π 6 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacq aHapaCaeaacaaI2aaaaaaa@389E@ فإن: lim x→+∞ u n =sin π 6 = 1 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iGacohaca GGPbGaaiOBamaalaaabaGaeqiWdahabaGaaGOnaaaacqGH9aqpdaWc aaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaaIYaaaaaaa@497C@ .
· لنحدد نهاية المتتالية ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ المعرفة بما يلي: ∀n∈ℕ, u n = 2 n 2 +1 1+6 n 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLkaacYcacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqa aOGaeyypa0ZaaOaaaeaadaWcaaqaaiaaikdacaWGUbWaaWbaaSqabe aacaaIYaaaaOGaey4kaSIaaGymaaqaaiaaigdacqGHRaWkcaaI2aGa amOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaaaabeaaaaa@4735@ .
لدينا : lim x→+∞ 2 n 2 +1 1+6 n 2 = 1 3 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaSaaaeaacaaIYaGaamOBamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaki abgUcaRiaaigdaaeaacaaIXaGaey4kaSIaaGOnaiaad6gadaahaaWc beqaaiaaikdaaaaaaOGaeyypa0ZaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaaG4maa aaaaa@4981@ و بما أن الدالة x↦ x MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiEaiablA AiHnaakaaabaGaamiEaaWcbeaaaaa@39DF@ متصلة في 1 3 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaSaaaeaaca aIXaaabaGaaG4maaaaaaa@3799@ فإن: lim n→+∞ u n = 1 3 = 3 3 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9maakaaaba WaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaaG4maaaaaSqabaGccqGH9aqpdaWcaaqa amaakaaabaGaaG4maaWcbeaaaOqaaiaaiodaaaaaaa@45E2@ .
2)- متتالية من نوع u n+1 =f( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaaeeG+aaaaaai vzKbWdbiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaiabgUcaRiaaigdaaeqaaOGa eyypa0JaamOzamaabmaabaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaO GaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@4198@
نشاط
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BC@ المتتالية العددية المعرفة بما يلي: u 0 =1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaaIWaaabeaakiabg2da9iaaigdaaaa@39BC@ و u n+1 = 2+ u n u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbGaey4kaSIaaGymaaqabaGccqGH9aqpdaWcaaqaaiaa ikdacqGHRaWkcaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGcbaGaamyDam aaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaaaaa@40C1@ لكل n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaaaa@3704@ من ℕ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeSyfHukaaa@377D@ .
نعتبر الدالة العددية f MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadAgaaaa@36F1@ للمتغير الحقيقي x MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadIhaaaa@3703@ المعرفة على ℝ + ∗ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabl2riHoaaDa aaleaacqGHRaWkaeaacqGHxiIkaaaaaa@3974@ بما يلي: f( x )= 2+x x MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadAgadaqada qaaiaadIhaaiaawIcacaGLPaaacqGH9aqpdaWcaaqaaiaaikdacqGH RaWkcaWG4baabaGaamiEaaaaaaa@3E25@
1)- أ- أدرس تغيرات الدالة f MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadAgaaaa@36F1@ و أنشئ منحناها في معلم متعامد ممنظم.
ب- تظنن مبيانيا سلوك المتتالية ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BC@ .
2)- نضع : v n = u n −2 u n +1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamODamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9maalaaabaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaa caWGUbaabeaakiabgkHiTiaaikdaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6 gaaeqaaOGaey4kaSIaaGymaaaaaaa@40D7@ ، لكل n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaaaa@3704@ من ℕ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeSyfHukaaa@377D@ .
أ- بين أن ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BE@ متتالية هندسية ثم أكتب v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamODamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@382B@ بدلالة n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaaaa@3704@ .
ب- حدد u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@382A@ بدلالة n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaaaa@3704@ ، و استنتج lim x→+∞ u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@407A@
لتكن f MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOzaaaa@36FC@ دالة عددية متصلة على مجال I MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamysaaaa@36DF@ من ℝ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabl2riHcaa@3776@ بحيث f( I )⊂I MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOzamaabm aabaGaamysaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabgkOimlaadMeaaaa@3C1D@ ،
و لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BC@ متتالية عددية معرفة بالعلاقة الترجعية u n+1 =f( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbGaey4kaSIaaGymaaqabaGccqGH9aqpcaWGMbWaaeWa aeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@3F6E@ و u 0 ∈I MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadwhadaWgaa WcbaGaaGimaaqabaGccqGHiiIZcaWGjbaaaa@3A42@
إذا كانت ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BC@ متقاربة و l∈I MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadYgacqGHii IZcaWGjbaaaa@3949@ فإن نهايتها حل للمعادلة f( x )=x MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOzamaabm aabaGaamiEaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabg2da9iaadIhaaaa@3B85@ .
نفترض أن المتتالية ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aadaqadaqaaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaakiaawIcacaGL Paaaaaa@3DDC@ متقاربة و lim x→+∞ u n =l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadYgaaa a@427B@ .
لدينا f MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadAgaaaa@36F1@ متصلة في l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadYgaaaa@36F7@ إذن: ( ∀ε>0 )( ∃α>0 )( ∀x∈I )( | x−l |<α⇒| f( x )−f( l ) |<ε ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqabeWadmqadqWaaOqaamaabmaabaGaey iaIiIaeqyTduMaeyOpa4JaaGimaaGaayjkaiaawMcaamaabmaabaGa ey4aIqIaeqySdeMaeyOpa4JaaGimaaGaayjkaiaawMcaamaabmaaba GaeyiaIiIaamiEaiabgIGiolaadMeaaiaawIcacaGLPaaadaqadaqa amaaemaabaGaamiEaiabgkHiTiaadYgaaiaawEa7caGLiWoacqGH8a apcqaHXoqycqGHshI3daabdaqaaiaadAgadaqadaqaaiaadIhaaiaa wIcacaGLPaaacqGHsislcaWGMbWaaeWaaeaacaWGSbaacaGLOaGaay zkaaaacaGLhWUaayjcSdGaeyipaWJaeqyTdugacaGLOaGaayzkaaaa aa@6142@ : ( 1 ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaamaabmaabaGaaG ymaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@384A@
و لدينا: lim n→+∞ u n =l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadYgaaa a@4271@ إذن: ∃N∈ℕ/∀n≥N,| u n −l |<α MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqabeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgoGiKiaad6 eacqGHiiIZcqWIvesPcaGGVaGaeyiaIiIaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6ea caGGSaWaaqWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOeI0 IaamiBaaGaay5bSlaawIa7aiabgYda8iabeg7aHbaa@4A21@ : ( 2 ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaamaabmaabaGaaG OmaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@384B@
· نبين بالترجع أن ∀n∈ℕ, u n ∈I MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgcGiIiaad6 gacqGHiiIZcqWIvesPcaGGSaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaa kiabgIGiolaadMeaaaa@3FDE@ .
· من ( 2 ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaamaabmaabaGaaG OmaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@384B@ نحصل على ∃N∈ℕ/∀n≥N,| u n −l |<α MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqabeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgoGiKiaad6 eacqGHiiIZcqWIvesPcaGGVaGaeyiaIiIaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6ea caGGSaWaaqWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaeyOeI0 IaamiBaaGaay5bSlaawIa7aiabgYda8iabeg7aHbaa@4A21@
· من ( 1 ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaamaabmaabaGaaG ymaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@384A@ نحصل على ∀ε>0,∃N∈ℕ/∀n≥N,| f( u n )−f( l ) |<ε MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqabeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgcGiIiabew 7aLjabg6da+iaaicdacaGGSaGaey4aIqIaamOtaiabgIGiolablwri Lkaac+cacqGHaiIicaWGUbGaeyyzImRaamOtaiaacYcadaabdaqaai aadAgadaqadaqaaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaakiaawIca caGLPaaacqGHsislcaWGMbWaaeWaaeaacaWGSbaacaGLOaGaayzkaa aacaGLhWUaayjcSdGaeyipaWJaeqyTdugaaa@53FA@
و بالتالي lim x→+∞ f( u n )=f( l ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamOzamaabmaabaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaO GaayjkaiaawMcaaiabg2da9iaadAgadaqadaqaaiaadYgaaiaawIca caGLPaaaaaa@4763@ .
· و لدينا u n+1 =f( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbGaey4kaSIaaGymaaqabaGccqGH9aqpcaWGMbWaaeWa aeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@3F6E@ إذن lim n→+∞ u n+1 = lim n→+∞ f( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaamaaxababaGaci iBaiaacMgacaGGTbaaleaacaWGUbGaeyOKH4Qaey4kaSIaeyOhIuka beaakiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaiabgUcaRiaaigdaaeqaaOGaey ypa0ZaaCbeaeaaciGGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIR cqGHRaWkcqGHEisPaeqaaOGaamOzamaabmaabaGaamyDamaaBaaale aacaWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@4FEF@ أي f( l )=l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOzamaabm aabaGaamiBaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabg2da9iaadYgaaaa@3B6D@ .
و منه l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadYgaaaa@36F7@ حل للمعادلة f( x )=x MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOzamaabm aabaGaamiEaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabg2da9iaadIhaaaa@3B85@
مثال1
نعتبر المتتالية ( u n ) n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aadaqadaqaaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaakiaawIcacaGL PaaadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaaaa@3EFB@ المعرفة بما يلي: u 0 = 1 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaaicdaaeqaaOGaeyypa0ZaaSaaaeaacaaI XaaabaGaaGOmaaaaaaa@3EA8@ و ∀n∈ℕ, u n+1 = 5 2 u n ( 1− u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aacqGHaiIicaWGUbGaeyicI4SaeSyfHuQaaiilaiaadwhadaWgaaWc baGaamOBaiabgUcaRiaaigdaaeqaaOGaeyypa0ZaaSaaaeaacaaI1a aabaGaaGOmaaaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOWaaeWaaeaa caaIXaGaeyOeI0IaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkai aawMcaaaaa@4D5C@ .
1)- مثل مبيانيا الدالة f MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aacaWGMbaaaa@3B1C@ المعرفة على ℝ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aacqWIDesOaaa@3BA1@ بما يلي : f( x )= 5 2 x( 1−x ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aacaWGMbWaaeWaaeaacaWG4baacaGLOaGaayzkaaGaeyypa0ZaaSaa aeaacaaI1aaabaGaaGOmaaaacaWG4bWaaeWaaeaacaaIXaGaeyOeI0 IaamiEaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@455E@ .
2)- نعتبر المجال I=[ 1 2 , 5 2 ] MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aacaWGjbGaeyypa0ZaamWaaeaadaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaaIYaaa aiaacYcadaWcaaqaaiaaiwdaaeaacaaIYaaaaaGaay5waiaaw2faaa aa@41B9@ .
أ- بين أن u 0 ∈I MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngB PrgifHhDYfgasaacH8YjY=vipgYlh9vqqj=hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0= OqFfea0dXdd9vqai=hGuQ8kuc9pgc9q8qqaq=dir=f0=yqaiVgFr0x fr=xfr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDam aaBaaaleaacaaIWaaabeaakiabgIGiolaadMeaaaa@3BF7@ و أن f( I )⊂I MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngB PrgifHhDYfgasaacH8YjY=vipgYlh9vqqj=hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0= OqFfea0dXdd9vqai=hGuQ8kuc9pgc9q8qqaq=dir=f0=yqaiVgFr0x fr=xfr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOzam aabmaabaGaamysaaGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabgkOimlaadMeaaaa@3DC7@ .
ب- بين أن المتتالية ( u n ) n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aadaqadaqaaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaakiaawIcacaGL PaaadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaaaa@3EFB@ متقاربة و استنتج نهاية المتتالية ( u n ) n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqefm0B1jxALjhiov2D aebbfv3ySLgzGueE0jxyaibaieYlNi=xH8yiVC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpe ea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbbG8FasPYRqj0=yi0dXdbba9pGe9xq=J bbG8A8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeWabmqadiWacmGabeWabmWadeWaemaake aadaqadaqaaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaakiaawIcacaGL PaaadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaaaa@3EFB@ .