4)- العمليات على النهايات
خاصية
إذا كانت ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ و ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BE@ متتاليتين متقاربتين و λ∈ℝ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabeU7aSjabgI Giolabl2riHcaa@3AAE@ فإن:
Ø المتتالية ( u n + v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaey4kaSIaamODamaaBaaaleaa caWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@3CC3@ متقاربة و lim n→+∞ ( u n + v n )= lim n→+∞ ( u n )+ lim n→+∞ ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaey4kaS IaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabg2da 9maaxababaGaciiBaiaacMgacaGGTbaaleaacaWGUbGaeyOKH4Qaey 4kaSIaeyOhIukabeaakmaabmaabaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaa beaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabgUcaRmaaxababaGaciiBaiaacMgaca GGTbaaleaacaWGUbGaeyOKH4Qaey4kaSIaeyOhIukabeaakmaabmaa baGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@5ED6@
Ø المتتالية ( u n v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaa beaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@3BE1@ متقاربة و lim n→+∞ ( u n v n )= lim n→+∞ ( u n ) lim n→+∞ ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaamODam aaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaiabg2da9maaxaba baGaciiBaiaacMgacaGGTbaaleaacaWGUbGaeyOKH4Qaey4kaSIaey OhIukabeaakmaabmaabaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaOGa ayjkaiaawMcaamaaxababaGaciiBaiaacMgacaGGTbaaleaacaWGUb GaeyOKH4Qaey4kaSIaeyOhIukabeaakmaabmaabaGaamODamaaBaaa leaacaWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@5D12@ .
Ø المتتالية ( λ u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaacq aH7oaBcaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaa aa@3B71@ متقاربة و lim n→+∞ ( λ u n )=λ lim n→+∞ ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacqaH7oaBcaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaa GccaGLOaGaayzkaaGaeyypa0Jaeq4UdW2aaCbeaeaaciGGSbGaaiyA aiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisPaeqaaOWaae WaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaa aa@5263@ .
Ø المتتالية ( u n v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaada WcaaqaaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaakeaacaWG2bWaaSba aSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@3BF1@ متقاربة و lim n→+∞ ( u n v n )= lim n→+∞ ( u n ) lim n→+∞ ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaadaWcaaqaaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqaba aakeaacaWG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaaaaOGaayjkaiaawMca aiabg2da9maalaaabaWaaCbeaeaaciGGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaai aad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisPaeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaWG1bWa aSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaabaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaWG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOa Gaayzkaaaaaaaa@5D32@ مع lim n→+∞ ( v n )≠0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaWG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOa GaayzkaaGaeyiyIKRaaGimaaaa@4485@
5)- توسيع العمليات على نهاية متتالية
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ و ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BE@ متتاليتين عدديتين و l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaaaa@3702@ و l' MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiaacE caaaa@37AD@ أعدادا حقيقية.
أ)- الجمع
+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaey4kaSIaey OhIukaaa@3864@
−∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyOeI0Iaey OhIukaaa@386F@
l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaaaa@3702@
lim x→+∞ u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@407A@
l' MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiaacE caaaa@37AD@
lim x→+∞ v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@407B@
F.I
l+l' MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabgU caRiaadYgacaGGNaaaaa@3980@
lim x→+∞ ( u n + v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaey4kaS IaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@4513@
ب- الضرب
l<0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabgY da8iaaicdaaaa@38C0@
l>0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabg6 da+iaaicdaaaa@38C4@
0
ll' MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiaadY gacaGGNaaaaa@389E@
lim x→+∞ ( u n v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaamODam aaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa@4431@
ج- المقلوب
0 − MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaaGimamaaCa aaleqabaGaeyOeI0caaaaa@37E5@
0 + MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaaGimamaaCa aaleqabaGaey4kaScaaaaa@37DA@
l∈ ℝ ∗ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabgI Giolabl2riHoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3B12@
1 l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaSaaaeaaca aIXaaabaGaamiBaaaaaaa@37CD@
lim x→+∞ 1 v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabe aaaaaaaa@4146@
د- الخارج
±∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyySaeRaey OhIukaaa@3970@
0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaaGimaaaa@36CB@
−∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyOeI0Iaey OhIukaaa@386F@ l<0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabgY da8iaaicdaaaa@38C0@
+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaey4kaSIaey OhIukaaa@3864@ l>0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabg6 da+iaaicdaaaa@38C4@
lim +∞ u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaqcfa4aaCbeaK aaafaajug4aiGacYgacaGGPbGaaiyBaaqcbauaaKqzGdGaey4kaSIa eyOhIukajeaqbeaajug4aiaadwhajuaGdaWgaaqcbauaaKqzGdGaam OBaaqcbauabaaaaa@4535@
l'≠0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiaacE cacqGHGjsUcaaIWaaaaa@3A2E@
lim +∞ v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaqcfa4aaCbeaK qaGfaajug4aiGacYgacaGGPbGaaiyBaaqcbawaaKqzGdGaey4kaSIa eyOhIukajeaybeaajug4aiaadAhajuaGdaWgaaqcbawaaKqzGdGaam OBaaqcbawabaaaaa@45D7@
l l' MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaSaaaeaaca WGSbaabaGaamiBaiaacEcaaaaaaa@38AE@
lim +∞ u n v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaqcfa4aaCbeaK aaGfaajug4aiGacYgacaGGPbGaaiyBaaqcbawaaKqzGdGaey4kaSIa eyOhIukajeaybeaajuaGdaWcaaqcaawaaKqzGdGaamyDaKqbaoaaBa aajeaybaqcLboacaWGUbaajeaybeaaaKaaGfaajug4aiaadAhajuaG daWgaaqcbawaaKqzGdGaamOBaaqcbawabaaaaaaa@4D52@
مثال
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ المتتالية العددية المعرفة بما يلي: ∀n∈ℕ, u n = n −2n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLkaacYcacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqa aOGaeyypa0ZaaOaaaeaacaWGUbaaleqaaOGaeyOeI0IaaGOmaiaad6 gaaaa@4251@ .
لندرس تقارب المتتالية ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ :
لدينا : ∀n∈ℕ, u n = n ( 1−2 n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLkaacYcacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqa aOGaeyypa0ZaaOaaaeaacaWGUbaaleqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaaIXaGaey OeI0IaaGOmamaakaaabaGaamOBaaWcbeaaaOGaayjkaiaawMcaaaaa @44BA@ ، و بما أن lim x→+∞ n =+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaOaaaeaacaWGUbaaleqaaOGaeyypa0Jaey4kaSIaeyOhIu kaaa@42D2@ فإن lim x→+∞ u n =−∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iabgkHiTi abg6HiLcaa@43E8@
إذن المتتالية ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ متباعدة.
تمرين
لتكن ( u n ) n≥2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaSbaaSqa aiaad6gacqGHLjYScaaIYaaabeaaaaa@3D5D@ المتتالية العددية المعرفة بما يلي: u 2 =1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaaIYaaabeaakiabg2da9iaaigdaaaa@39BE@ و ∀n∈ ℕ ∗ −{ 1 }, u n+1 =( 1+ 2 n−1 ) u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaOGaeyOeI0Ya aiWaaeaacaaIXaaacaGL7bGaayzFaaGaaiilaiaadwhadaWgaaWcba GaamOBaiabgUcaRiaaigdaaeqaaOGaeyypa0ZaaeWaaeaacaaIXaGa ey4kaSYaaSaaaeaacaaIYaaabaGaamOBaiabgkHiTiaaigdaaaaaca GLOaGaayzkaaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@4DDF@ .
1) – MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaacbmqcLbCaqa aaaaaaaaWdbiaa=nbiaaa@3806@ بين بالترجع أن: ∀n∈ ℕ ∗ −{ 1 }, u n = n( n−1 ) 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaOGaeyOeI0Ya aiWaaeaacaaIXaaacaGL7bGaayzFaaGaaiilaiaadwhadaWgaaWcba GaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpdaWcaaqaaiaad6gadaqadaqaaiaad6ga cqGHsislcaaIXaaacaGLOaGaayzkaaaabaGaaGOmaaaaaaa@497F@ .
2) – MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaacbmqcLbCaqa aaaaaaaaWdbiaa=nbiaaa@3806@ استنتج أن المتتالية ( u n ) n≥2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaWaaSbaaSqa aiaad6gacqGHLjYScaaIYaaabeaaaaa@3D5D@ متباعدة .
6)- النهايات و الترتيب
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ و ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BE@ متتاليتين عدديتين متقاربتين بحيث: lim n→+∞ u n =l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadYgaaa a@4271@ و lim n→+∞ v n =l' MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadYgaca GGNaaaaa@431D@
Ø إذا كان u n >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@39F6@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ حيث ( n 0 ∈ℕ ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaicdaaeqaaOGaeyicI4SaeSyfHukacaGLOaGa ayzkaaaaaa@3C6D@ فإن l≥0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabgw MiZkaaicdaaaa@3982@ .
Ø إذا كان u n >a MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg6da+iaadggaaaa@3A22@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ حيث ( n 0 ∈ℕ ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaicdaaeqaaOGaeyicI4SaeSyfHukacaGLOaGa ayzkaaaaaa@3C6D@ فإن l≥a MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabgw MiZkaadggaaaa@39AE@ .
Ø إذا كان u n > v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg6da+iaadAhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqa baaaaa@3B56@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ حيث ( n 0 ∈ℕ ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaicdaaeqaaOGaeyicI4SaeSyfHukacaGLOaGa ayzkaaaaaa@3C6D@ فإن l≥l' MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamiBaiabgw MiZkaadYgacaGGNaaaaa@3A64@ .
برهان
· نفترض أن u n >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@39F6@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ و lim n→+∞ u n =l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadYgaaa a@4271@ بحيث l<0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadYgacqGH8a apcaaIWaaaaa@38B5@
لدينا lim n→+∞ u n =l MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iaadYgaaa a@4271@ إذن من أجل ε=− l 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabew7aLjabg2 da9iabgkHiTmaalaaabaGaamiBaaqaaiaaikdaaaaaaa@3B5D@ نحصل على ∃ N 1 ∈ℕ/∀n≥ N 1 , u n ∈] l−ε,l+ε [=] 3l 2 , l 2 [ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqabeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgoGiKiaad6 eadaWgaaWcbaGaaGymaaqabaGccqGHiiIZcqWIvesPcaGGVaGaeyia IiIaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6eadaWgaaWcbaGaaGymaaqabaGccaGGSa GaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgIGiopaajmcabaGaamiB aiabgkHiTiabew7aLjaacYcacaWGSbGaey4kaSIaeqyTdugacaGLDb Gaay5waaGaeyypa0ZaaKWiaeaadaWcaaqaaiaaiodacaWGSbaabaGa aGOmaaaacaGGSaWaaSaaaeaacaWGSbaabaGaaGOmaaaaaiaaw2faca GLBbaaaaa@57B0@
نضع N=sup( n 0 , N 1 ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaad6eacqGH9a qpciGGZbGaaiyDaiaacchadaqadaqaaiaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGim aaqabaGccaGGSaGaamOtamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaaaOGaayjkai aawMcaaaaa@40A5@ إذن ∀n≥N, u n < l 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqabeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgcGiIiaad6 gacqGHLjYScaWGobGaaiilaiaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGc cqGH8aapdaWcaaqaaiaadYgaaeaacaaIYaaaaaaa@3FF4@ و u n >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@39F6@ و هذا تناقض.
· نضع v n = u n −a MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadAhadaWgaa WcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpcaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqa aOGaeyOeI0Iaamyyaaaa@3D26@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ و نحصل على v n >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamODamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@39F7@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@
· نضع w n = u n − v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiaadEhadaWgaa WcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpcaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqa aOGaeyOeI0IaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@3E5B@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@ و نحصل على w n >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaam4DamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@39F8@ لكل n≥ n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamOBaiabgw MiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaaaaa@3AA3@
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ و ( v n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG2bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BE@ المتتاليتين العدديتين المعرفتين بما يلي:
∀n∈ ℕ ∗ , u n = 1 3 − 1 n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaOGaaiilaiaa dwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpdaWcaaqaaiaaigdaae aacaaIZaaaaiabgkHiTmaalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaad6gaaaaaaa@43F6@ و ∀n∈ ℕ ∗ , v n = 1 3 + 1 n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaOGaaiilaiaa dAhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH9aqpdaWcaaqaaiaaigdaae aacaaIZaaaaiabgUcaRmaalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaad6gaaaaaaa@43EC@ .
1) – MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaacbmqcLbCaqa aaaaaaaaWdbiaa=nbiaaa@3806@ أ- تحقق من أن ∀n>3, u n >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabg6da+iaaiodacaGGSaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaa kiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@3E2E@ .
ب- أحسب lim x→+∞ u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@407A@ و تحقق من أن lim x→+∞ u n ≥0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgwMiZkaaicdaaa a@4304@
2) – MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaacbmqcLbCaqa aaaaaaaaWdbiaa=nbiaaa@3806@ أ- بين أن ∀n∈ ℕ ∗ , u n < v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaOGaaiilaiaa dwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGH8aapcaWG2bWaaSbaaSqaai aad6gaaeqaaaaa@41DB@ .
ب- أحسب lim x→+∞ u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@407A@ و lim x→+∞ v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamODamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaa@407B@ و تحقق من أن lim x→+∞ u n = lim x→+∞ v n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaadIhacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9maaxababa GaciiBaiaacMgacaGGTbaaleaacaWG4bGaeyOKH4Qaey4kaSIaeyOh IukabeaakiaadAhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaaaaa@4BF4@ .
خاصية(مقبولة)
Ø كل متتالية تزايدية و مكبورة هي متقاربة.
Ø كل متتالية تناقصية و مصغورة هي متقاربة.
ملاحظة
Ø كل متتالية تزايدية و سالبة هي متتالية متقاربة.
Ø كل متتالية تناقصية و موجبة هي متتالية متقاربة.
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BC@ المتتالية العددية المعرفة بما يلي: ∀n∈ℕ, u n = ∑ k=0 k=n 1 n! MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLkaacYcacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqa aOGaeyypa0ZaaabCaeaadaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaWGUbGaaiyiaa aaaSqaaiaadUgacqGH9aqpcaaIWaaabaGaam4Aaiabg2da9iaad6ga a0GaeyyeIuoaaaa@48DB@ .
1) - بين أن : ∀k∈ℕ{ 0,1 },k!≥ 2 k−1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngB PrgifHhDYfgasaacH8YjY=vipgYlh9vqqj=hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0= OqFfea0dXdd9vqai=hGuQ8kuc9pgc9q8qqaq=dir=f0=yqaiVgFr0x fr=xfr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIi Iaam4AaiabgIGiolablwriLoaacmaabaGaaGimaiaacYcacaaIXaaa caGL7bGaayzFaaGaaiilaiaadUgacaGGHaGaeyyzImRaaGOmamaaCa aaleqabaGaam4AaiabgkHiTiaaigdaaaaaaa@484D@ و استنتج أنها مكبورة
2) – MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaacbmqcLbCaqa aaaaaaaaWdbiaa=nbiaaa@3806@ أدرس رتابة المتتالية ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BC@ ،واستنتج أنها متقاربة
الخاصية السابقة تبين فقط أن المتتالية متقاربة و لا تمكن من تحديد نهايتها .
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ متتالية عددية.
v إذا كانت ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ تزايدية و غير مكبورة فإنها متباعدة و تؤول إلى +∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgUcaRiabg6 HiLcaa@3859@
v إذا كانت ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ تناقصية و غير مصغورة فإنها متباعدة و تؤول إلى −∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqadeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgkHiTiabg6 HiLcaa@3864@
· نفترض أن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ تزايدية و غير مكبورة
إذن ∀A>0,∃N∈ℕ/ u N >A MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqabeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgcGiIiaadg eacqGH+aGpcaaIWaGaaiilaiabgoGiKiaad6eacqGHiiIZcqWIvesP caGGVaGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGobaabeaakiabg6da+iaadgeaaa a@4328@ ،
و بما أن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ تزايدية فإن ∀A>0,∃N∈ℕ/∀n≥N, u n >A MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVCI8FfYJH8YrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbb a9q8WqFfeaY=biLkVcLq=JHqpepeea0=as0Fb9pgeaYRXxe9vr0=vr 0=vqpWqadeWabmGadiWaceqabeWadmqadqWaaOqaaiabgcGiIiaadg eacqGH+aGpcaaIWaGaaiilaiabgoGiKiaad6eacqGHiiIZcqWIvesP caGGVaGaeyiaIiIaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6eacaGGSaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg6da+iaadgeaaaa@4854@ و منه lim n→+∞ u n =+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iabgUcaRi abg6HiLcaa@43D3@
· نفترض أن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BD@ تناقصية و غير مصغورة.
إذن ( − u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaacq GHsislcaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaa aa@3AAA@ تزايدية و غير مكبورة و منه lim n→+∞ − u n =+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaeyOeI0IaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9i abgUcaRiabg6HiLcaa@44C0@ أي lim n→+∞ u n =−∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOGaamyDamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabg2da9iabgkHiTi abg6HiLcaa@43DE@
لتكن ( u n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca WG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa@39BC@ المتتالية العددية المعرفة بما يلي: ∀n∈ℕ, u n+1 = u n + 1 u n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaeyiaIiIaam OBaiabgIGiolablwriLkaacYcacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gacqGH RaWkcaaIXaaabeaakiabg2da9iaadwhadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqaba GccqGHRaWkdaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6ga aeqaaaaaaaa@4623@ و u 0 >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaGaamyDamaaBa aaleaacaaIWaaabeaakiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@39BD@ .
· بين أن lim n→+∞ ( u n )=+∞ MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbmqadeWacmGadiqabmqadmWabmabdaGcbaWaaCbeaeaaci GGSbGaaiyAaiaac2gaaSqaaiaad6gacqGHsgIRcqGHRaWkcqGHEisP aeqaaOWaaeWaaeaacaWG1bWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGccaGLOa GaayzkaaGaeyypa0Jaey4kaSIaeyOhIukaaa@455B@